Pumping station for a private house: what is it, types, how to choose

If a private house in the city or village does not have a central water supply, the only possibility to carry water to the house is to install a pumping station. It supplies water from a well or artesian well. What types of such equipment are there? How to choose the right pump model for the house?

Types of pumping stations for the house

The pumping station consists of a surface pump, a hydraulic tank, a manometer. Depending on the method of water intake, the equipment has such a set of parts for water supply:

• in self-priming pumps - motor, pressure switch and hydroaccumulator;
• in automatic devices, the water pressure is regulated by electronics.

The volume of the hydraulic tank can be from 2 to 50 liters. The larger the tank, the less often the pump is turned on, because it holds more water. However, modern equipment is not spoiled by the on and off, even if they occur several times a minute. A tank volume of 24 liters is enough.

Automatic pumping stations for the house are divided into such categories:

• Vortex pumps are located indoors. For their work, it is necessary that a certain pressure is maintained in the tank.
• Centrifugal pumps uninterruptedly lift water from the well due to the operation of the wheel.

The equipment varies in the degree of immersion for water intake. On average, this distance is 8 m. For deeper wells, automatic borehole pumps or systems with an intermediate storage tank are suitable.

Classification by productivity - how much the pumping station pumps water per minute:

• low-productivity pumps transport no more than 20 liters;
• medium-productive pumps pump up to 150 liters, often 50 liters per minute is enough to provide a private home.

A head of 25 m of water column will provide water for both the shower and the kitchen faucet. However, the pumping station should be chosen with an indicator of up to 35 m of water column to have a reserve for pressure fluctuations.

How to choose a pumping station

First of all, it is determined how exactly the pumping station will act:

• to take water from the source and immediately supply it to the house;
• To supply water first to the tank, and from there to the house.

It is better to use a system with an intermediate tank. It can fill a simple pump, and the pumping station will direct water into the house from the tank. In case of emergency there will be a reserve of water in the tank.

Choosing a pumping station, pay attention to such factors:

• The equipment must deliver the right amount of water at the pressure needed to work.
• What is the actual water consumption in the house? The faucet gives out 4 liters per minute, the shower - 11 liters. Add up the number of liters from all water devices in the house. The equipment must be able to transport this volume per minute.
• The water supply system - directly or through a storage tank. Also, the pumping station can connect to the municipal water supply line, if there is not enough pressure in the system to send water into the house.
• The accumulation tank of stainless steel and the pump housing made of non-ferrous metals are most durable, but also cost more.
• For a private home pump power of 1600 watts is enough. The voltage of most models is standard - 220 V.
• It is better if the relay has reinforced contacts, protection against overheating.
• Is there a non-return valve and a removable inlet filter? It happens that they are not included, then check whether it is possible to install them.

If you need to use the pumping station all year round, give preference to units with electronic control. When the storage tank is empty, they turn on automatically. And it is important to remember not to save money - a quality pumping station cannot cost cheap.